Music Industry
The Music Industry
Learning Objective: To identify and explain different music genres.Genres:
- Pop
- Country
- Rock
- RAP
- Classic
- Jazz
- HipHop
- Kpop
- Musical Theatre
- Kids music
- Drill
- R and B
- Heavy metal
- Reggae
- Ballad
- Funk
- Folk
- Blues
- Rock and Roll
- Grime
- Choral
- Accapella
- Opera
- Indie
- Techno
- Electronic
- Punk
- Soul
Rock Genre:
What the artists look like- Typically, rock artists wear dark clothes with accents of bold colours. They have leather or denim jackets, jeans and boots. They often have long hair. Often male bands.
How do they sound?- Heavy drums, loud electric guitar, bass, vocals and sometimes keyboard. Typically fast paces with a heavy beat.
What ideas/themes do they sing about?- Love, rebellion, social and political concerns and lifestyle.
Pop Genre:
What the artists look like- Females wear heavy make-up and revealing tight clothing. Males are either casual (jeans and t-shirt) or modern suits.All have up to date fashion, heavily styled to meet needs of target audience. Both male and female, groups and singles. Bright colours.
How do they sound?- Typically played on electronic instruments. Strong beat and catchy lyrics. Not as heavy as rock and can be a mixture of upbeat and ballad styles.
What ideas/themes do they sing about?- and relationships, social and political issues, heartbreak, growing up..... they are often well known themes that lots of people can easily relate to.
Jazz Genre:
What the artists look like- Short hair, jackets and suits. often black.
How do they sound?- Swung rhythms, scat singing, blues scales, abstract and improvised.
What ideas/themes do they sing about?- No lyrics.
Music Magazines
30/10/2019 and 01/11/2019
Music Magazines
Learning Objective: To explore the terminology and genres of popular music magazines.
History of the Mojo magazine: Mojo is a popular music magazine published initially by Emap, and since January 2008 by Bauer, monthly in the United Kingdom. Mojo was first published on 15 October 1993; in keeping with its classic rock aesthetic, the first issue had Bob Dylan and John Lennon as its first cover stars.
History of the Mojo magazine: Mojo is a popular music magazine published initially by Emap, and since January 2008 by Bauer, monthly in the United Kingdom. Mojo was first published on 15 October 1993; in keeping with its classic rock aesthetic, the first issue had Bob Dylan and John Lennon as its first cover stars.
Typography: The style and appearance of typed or printed text to make it legible, readable and appealing to audience. The style, arrangement and appearance of the letters, numbers and symbols.
Layout: How the visual elements (pictures and text) are arranged on the page.
Lexis: The vocabulary or language used.
Colour Palette: The choice of main colours that have been displayed on the page.
Mise-en-scene: The props, lighting, costumes, setting, facial expressions...
Lexis: The vocabulary or language used.
Colour Palette: The choice of main colours that have been displayed on the page.
Mise-en-scene: The props, lighting, costumes, setting, facial expressions...
Colour palette- Bright colours that stand out (mainly blue, pink, yellow and red)
Image content and shot type- Close up shot on face or mid shot. People highly stylised and wearing bright fashionable clothing.
Typography- Bold and clear in fonts that stand out. Sans serif fonts with a mix of upper and lower case.
Lexis- Informal and casual.
Layout- Masthead at top, large main image often without secondary images, large bold main cover line. Stylish and cluttered.
Genre conventions of rock magazines:
Colour palette- red, white, black and grey with splashes of bright colours such as blue and yellow.
Image content and shot type- Mid shots or close ups of single artists or bands. Unmodeled.
Typography- Very bold and bright. Sans serif and serif using block capitals.
Lexis- Formal or informal depending on target audience.
Layout- Cluttered and busy with many secondary images.
Cosmopolitan magazine target audience:
Demographics: 25- 40 year old white women from a mixture of social classes with an interest in fashion and make-up. Middle to high income and well educated. Straight and single. Mass audience as it talks about a variety of mainstream themes. Aimed at people who live in urban areas. Class- ABC1 but still has articles and adverts aimed at C2DE classes.
Psychographics: Mainstreamers and aspirers. Trendies and groupies. Self-actualisers, esteem seekers and strivers. Also aimed at drifters as it has articles about a variety of themes.
Identifying the audience:
ROCK GENRE: The dark, dull colour scheme made up of black, grey, white and blue with bright red and yellow highlights standing out connotes the rock culture which like the red and yellow, stands out. The strong all-caps, sans-serif masthead connotes that the magazine is aimed at a mainly male audience. The main image also connotes a mainly male audience as it is of the 'Arctic Monkeys' which is an all male band. As most of the bands and artists on the cover are old, we can connote that the magazine is aimed at an audience of over 35 who have an interest in retro rock bands. From looking at the pull quote "now we can do anything" we can infer that the magazine is aimed towards the innovators and utopians of society.
POP GENRE: The colour palette is made up of both warm and cool colours which contrast each other connote the fresh and upbeat nature of pop culture which will appeal to a younger target audience. The lowercase, sans-serif font of the masthead connotes the modernity of the magazine and informs the audience that the articles inside will be up to date and current. The headline of the magazine however is in a serif font which connotes that the magazine is professional and a trustworthy source of information. The artist in the main image 'Justin Bieber' has been highly stylised and modled to meet the needs of the materialistic mainstreamers and aspirers that make up the target audience. The lexis of the cover is informal yet sophisticated which connoted that the magazine is aimed at both ABC1 and C2DE audiences.
15/11/2019
Conglomerate: A media conglomerate is a company that owns numerous smaller companies that work to together to achieve a higher profit.
Globalised: The worldwide integration of media through the cross-cultural exchange of ideas, while technological globalisation refers to the cross-cultural development and exchange of technology. A company that reaches worldwide.
Diversify: The process of a company or business expanding their market or audience by either producing a wider variety of products, expanding their reach etc. However for media companies, diversification may involve expanding themselves to different areas of the industry. Expands target audience and media products.
Regulation: A Media regulation are guidelines enforced by the jurisdiction of law. Guidelines for media use differ across the world.
Revenue: Revenue generation is complete amount of money that is generated during a specific time period. The money is used to calculate business profits. How much money the company makes.
Circulation: The number of copies which is distributed of a particular print medium like newspaper or magazine. This is one of the parameters on which a marketer decides to go for advertising in these newspapers, magazines etc.
Who publishes...
Whats on TV: TI Media
Radio Times: BBC Magazines
TV Choice: H. Bauer Publishing
Take a Break: H. Bauer Publishing
Good Housekeeping: Hearst Corporation
Cosmopolitan: Hearst Corporation
BBC Gardeners' World: Immediate Media Company
Bauer Media Group:
How many magazines does Bauer own?- 600 magazines.
What uk music magazines does it publish?- MOJO and Q.
How have they diversified the MOJO brand?- Bauer has diversifies the MOJO brand by creating a website called Mojo4music.com which widens the target audience to internet users in order to reduce the risk of only operating in one media form.. Every issue of MOJO also includes a CD.
What other types of media does Bauer own?- Radio and digital radio stations, 4 TV channels, magazines. They own print shops, postal and distributional services and marketing as part of their conglomerate. The company itself has diversified, which may protect the company from a declining magazine audience.
Which companies regulate magazines?- IPSO and IMPRESS. Bauer is regulated by IPSO.
Magazines receive REVENUE from...
20/11/2019
Brand Image: Their award- winning editorial team prides itself in delivering a magazine that is 'packed with insight, passion and revelatory encounters with the greatest musicians of all-time'. They focus on both established or emerging artists (quality artists). Every month, MOJO brings a definitive cover feature on an iconic act; a bespoke CD (compiled by editorial team or a major musician in the MOJO world); a famous reviews section. MOJO is 'the worlds largest UK music magazine' which delivers world class journalism and iconic photography. Audience of 'extremely passionate' music consumers. MOJO is 'the music expert'. It is a carefully crafted musical archive covering the best of music from across genres, from classic and modern rock, folk, country, reggae, electronic and experimental. Celebrates quality over popularity- music that will stand the test of time.
MOJO has (in 2016-17) fairly small circulation of about 68000 and a readership of about 138000. It has a more niche audience than those for take a break or cosmopolitan which have readerships of over 1 million.
Demographics:
Psychographics:
Personal Identity:
Social Interaction:
The style of the masthead is in a sans serif, all caps, bold font which connotes the magazine is modern and stylish and the articles inside are up to date and filed with information; this is what the hard core music fans that that make up the target audience of the magazine are looking for. The colour of the masthead is white which connotes that the magazine is a pure, unfiltered source of information which is what the hardcore music fans that read MOJO will be looking for. The USP free CD would appeal to the target audience as one of the reasons according to the Blumer and Katz model that an audience consumes a media product is due to entertainment. The CD creates entertainment as well as social interaction as it introduces the reader to new music and could possibly form the basis of real life conversations between readers where they can contrast their opinions towards the music in the CD compiled by the editorial team of MOJO for 'them'. The minor image on the free CD is of a crowd of people possibly at a gig or festival. This would appeal to the target audience as 91% of them have been to a gig or to watch live music in the past year. The colour palette is made up of blue, white and black with yellow and red highlights. The blue of the background connotes that MOJO is a trustworthy and dependable source of music related gossip and information. The black, grey and yellow are colours typically associated with the genre of rock which the cover artist, Dave Grohl, belongs to. The bright red on the cover connotes the drama and danger that is sometimes associated with the rock genre and lifestyle. The bands and artists mentioned on the cover are a mixture of modern and classic artists that were popular in the 70s and 90s. This would appeal to the middle-aged target audience, who enjoy listening to a varied range of music, as the magazine features quality artists from both their youth and present day, allowing the reader to explore their personal identity as they can connect with artists from different stages of their lives. The style of main cover line is an all caps serif font which connotes the magazine is classic and traditional; therefore appealing to the well-read, professional target audience. This could be linking to the well-established, classic artists that the magazine features. Therefore, the sans serif font of the masthead could be linking to the emerging and fresh new artists that the MOJO also features, this would appeal to the target audience as they are interested in a broad range of different genres and styles of music. The target audience made up of explorers and succeeders according to the Young and Rubicam psychographic model, enjoy listening to new artists and recommending it to their friends. The western style of the main cover line could be linking to the fact that Dave Grohl is an american rock artist.
DIRT TARGET- MOJO COVER ANALYSIS - WWW: a detailed analysis linking the conventions to genre and content; good terminology DIRT: add in the audience appeal to the specific MOJO target audience e.g. Someone who is interested in established, quality music etc.
11/12/2019
Representation
Learning Objective: To explore the concept of representation in music magazines.
STEREOTYPES OF:
Teenagers: Moody, lazy, troublemakers, rude.
Men: Lazy, arrogant, stubborn, angry, strong, controlling.
Americans: Fake, loud, guns, fast-food.
Lesbians: short hair, appear strong.
The serious expression on his face connotes the target audience of the magazine who are serious about music. The handwritten style of the main cover line infers shat Ed Sheeran writes his own songs and the guitar on his lap connotes that he plays his own music which makes him stand out from the rest of the artists in the pop genre.
13/12/2019
PAPER 2: Music and News
1hr 15mins
Section A: Music- 35 marks, 5 questions, 3 areas: magazines, music videos and radio.
Q1- 1 mark- identify.
Q2 and Q3- 4 or 5 mark- explain/analyse (4 mark- radio, 5 mark- music mags).
Q4- 10 mark analyse (music vids).
Q5- 15 mark- analyse/evaluate.
Q1 Example- Who regulates magazines and newspapers in the UK?
Q2/ Q3 Example- Look at ONE cover: Analyse stereotypes on extract 1. analyse the representations of (genre/ artist/ audience) in cover. Question normally about representation.
Q5 Example- Looking at BOTH covers: Analyse the use of media language (10 marks)- normally links to audience or genre. make a judgement and come to a conclusion about the difference- compare and contrast- (5 marks).
Analyse the stereotypes in the representations in extract 1, the front cover of a MOJO magazine. (5 marks)- The heavy black eye make-up that Madonna is wearing holds strong connotations to the punk genre in which she has been described coming from in her cover line. Her name, Madonna, connoting the Virgin Mary, although the act of her licking the cross goes against the conventions of religion and could be seen as an act of defiance and sexualisation. In the cover, femininity has been represented as a counter-stereotype. Madonna has short hair and is wearing clothes which cover her up, going against the standard feminine stereotype. The font of the main cover line is in an old- fashioned serif font which links to the cross.
11/01/2020
Performance: a music video style that focuses on the performance of the artist.
Narrative: a music video that tells a story.
Concept: a music video that focuses on artistic elements and visual style to explore a concept or idea.
Music videos aim to:
Components of performance music videos:
Analysis of 'Apeshit'-
Style: performance (dancing, lip-syncing to camera), artistic (replicating art work).
Camera angles : wide/long shot, mid shot, close up, low angle looking up to symbolise their wealth and power to show the audience they are dominant.
Mise en scene: art (video set in a museum/art gallery, opulent setting), bright primary coloured lighting, people choreographed to look like the figures in the paintings.
Analysis of 'This is America'-
Style: performance, narrative and artistic elements but the story is abstract.
Camera angles: whole video shot in one continuous long shot that follows the singer around the set.
Mise en scene: african american cast showing the brutal reality of what america is like in their eyes through dancing and singing, perhaps trying to send a message to audience about what America is really like.
Using narrative effectively: A narrative-based video can be more meaningful than a performance-based video. It can also be easier to film and edit. To make a video interesting for 3-5 minutes, it needs to be extremely varied, achieved through careful choreography, filming techniques and editing. The stage/set environment needs to be well designed and lighting needs to be effective to ensure the audience stays engaged throughout the whole video.
15/01/2020
Andrew Goodwin writing in his book 'Dancing in the Distraction Factory' (Routledge, 1992) explained these characteristics of music videos:
Intertextuality: John Stuart describes the music videos as "incorporating, raiding and reconstructing" which is essentially the essence of intertextuality. Using something with which the audience may be familiar to generate both potentially nostalgic associations and new meanings. Intertextuality is perhaps more evident in music videos that any other media forms, with the exception of advertising.
22/01/2020
Types of media language:
The main types of music video are: Performance, narrative and conceptual/artistic.
Uptown funk-
If i were a boy-
Explore: Understand what the 7 elements of mise-en-scene are.
Enhance: Explore how elements of mise-en-scene are used in music videos.
Excel: Analyse connotations of mise-en-scene in relation to representation.
Mise-en-scene: the arrangement of everything on the set/stage (scenery, props, etc.)
Music genre: Pop.
Target audience: Teenage girls. (Males due to women being sexualised).
Mise-en-scene: Crop tops- taking back power over their bodies. School location- at school, place common allowing audience to connect with them as the target audience is teenage girls who go to school.
Lighting-
How does the mise-en-scene promote Taylor Swift's image or status in her 'Look what you made me do' video?- The diamonds she is bathing in connotes her wealth and power and how she is successful despite her degrading media appearance. The $1 bill located next to her in the bath is a reference to the court case that she won, not for money but to raise awareness to her rapist, causing him to get a criminal record.
How does the mise-en-scene create meaning for the audience?
Point- Swift's pop superstar celebrity image is promoted in her music video through media language.
Evidence- (eg. costume, colour, lighting etc.)
Explain- This suggests...
Expand- What else can be said about the video that backs the point.
The different personalities shown in the video represent the different ways the Taylor Swift has been represented in the media. In the first scene, the low-key lighting of the graveyard connotes the severity of the video and how she does not want the media to degrade her image anymore; perceiving her as something she is not. The diamonds she is bathing in later on in the video connote her wealth, power and success despite the person she is shown to be.
05/02/2020
Lighting and colour: High-key lighting shows upbeat mood, happiness.
Costume and props: 80s style, vibrant colours stand out from the urban environment. Wearing gold chains and jewellery to connote wealth.
Camera angles: Low angle shots show that the people singing are more important that those walking past.
Bruno Mars' uses a variety of different mise-en-scene techniques to create meaning for the audience in the 'Uptown Funk' music video. Throughout the video, high-key lighting is used to convey the upbeat mood of 80s funk music. The video creates an 80s vibe through the 80s style, vibrantly coloured blazers that stand out from the urban environment in which the video is set. The passers by in the video are wearing neutrally coloured clothes to make the singers stand out from them connoting their power. Bruno Mars is in the middle of the group, wearing the brightest blazer, showing he is the most important. They are all wearing gold chains to connote their wealth and power.
What camera shot is this?- It is a close up eye level shot. The singer might be singing about something personal and serious; this is also suggested by the low-key lighting.
07/02/2020
Shot: Mis, close-up, extreme close up, long shot, extreme long shot, establishing, POV.
Movement: Pan, tilt, tracking, zoom, handheld, focus.
Angle: High, low, dutch.
Cinematography styles:
Naturalistic: Most common style of camera work. Shots are either fixed or handheld (for realism) or having subtle slower movements.
Expressionistic: More uncommon and artistic/creative use of camera shots and movement. Often shows extreme angles and quick movements.
What camera shot is this?- eye level, close up.
Why is it used?- to get the artists whole face, showing emotion and adding meaning to what they are singing about. Low-key lighting is also used to create a dark, intense mood for the audience; this infers the artist is talking about something serious and personal.
12/02/2020
The camera movement in Uptown Funk is expressionistic as it uses extreme angles, quick movements and fast transitions throughout. For example, at one point in the chorus, a shot of the camera spinning is used, this relates the video to older 80's music video style where similar effects where used. The camerawork fits the tone of the song as it is fun and creative.
Sound is divided into two categories:
Diegetic: Sound which has a source on-screen. They are noises which have not been edited in, for example dialogue between characters or footsteps.
Non-diegetic: Sound is a noise which does not have a source on-screen and has been added in. For example music, voiceover, sound effects.
Public Service Broadcasting: In the United Kingdom, the term "public service broadcasting" refers to broadcasting intended for public benefit rather than to purely serve commercial interests. The communications regulator Ofcom requires certain television and radio broadcasters to fulfil certain requirements as part of their license to broadcast. all of the BBC's television and radio stations have a public service remit, including those that broadcast digitally. The public service broadcasters are those you can get for free on TV without a box or cable and include Channel 4, Channel 5 and the BBC. While all BBC public service channels are PBS channels, only the main channels of each of the other public service broadcasters have this status.
1- How many national radio stations do the BBC operate?- The BBC operates ten national domestic stations, only six of which are available in a digital format. BBC Radio 1- (15-29) charts music; BBC Radio 2- (35+); BBC Radio 3- (65+, 94% ABC1); BBC Radio 4- (50+); BBC Radio 5 Live- (adult); BBC Asian Network- (asian-british audience); BBC Radio1Xtra- (15-29); BBC Radio 4 Extra- (50+); BBC Radio 5 Sport- (adult).
2- How many regional stations operate and how are they funded?- There are 60 and they are funded by annual television licenses by households and companies.
3- Commercial Radio Stations- Heart London (25-44 age), Virgin Radio, Kiss, Magic, Absolute radio.
4- How can you listen to BBC Radio?- Online, digital radio, smart speakers.
BBC Radio 1: The Radio 1 audience is addressed by presenters that are close to the age of their main listener demographic of 15-29 (though Radio 1 presenters themselves will always tend to be aged towards the upper end of the target age or slightly older). Targeting a young audience, the language of the presenters is energetic and and often informal, everyday language that may include slang and intertextual references to pop-culture.
04/03/2020
BBC Radio 1 Remit (BBC trust April 2016): The remit of Radio 1 is to entertain and engage a broad range of young listeners with a distinctive mix of contemporary music and speech. It's target audience is 15-29 year olds, but it should also provide some programming for younger teenagers. It should offer a range of new music, support emerging artists- especially those from the UK- and provide a platform for live music. News, documentaries and advice campaigns should also cover areas relevant to a young audience. Radio 1 has a service budget of £37.4 million in 2016/17.
11/03/2020
Media convergence is a term that can refer to the merging of previously distinct media technologies and media form due to digitalisation and computer networking. It means the audience are offered a choice in how and when they consume the content. For example, Live Lounge is both available live on radio, on catch-up radio and BBC iPlayer.
Live Lounge can be accessed via the commercial platform of Vevo. This provides additional profit for the BBC through charges Vevo pay to be able to stream Live Lounge. It also benefits the audience as they have more range of ways they can stream the show. It also benefits the Vevo as it causes more viewers to use the platform.
Lexis- Informal and casual.
Layout- Masthead at top, large main image often without secondary images, large bold main cover line. Stylish and cluttered.
Genre conventions of rock magazines:
Colour palette- red, white, black and grey with splashes of bright colours such as blue and yellow.
Image content and shot type- Mid shots or close ups of single artists or bands. Unmodeled.
Typography- Very bold and bright. Sans serif and serif using block capitals.
Lexis- Formal or informal depending on target audience.
Layout- Cluttered and busy with many secondary images.
06/11/2019
Music magazines and audience
Learning Objectives: To identify and analyse a target audience using demographics and psychographics.Cosmopolitan magazine target audience:
Demographics: 25- 40 year old white women from a mixture of social classes with an interest in fashion and make-up. Middle to high income and well educated. Straight and single. Mass audience as it talks about a variety of mainstream themes. Aimed at people who live in urban areas. Class- ABC1 but still has articles and adverts aimed at C2DE classes.
Psychographics: Mainstreamers and aspirers. Trendies and groupies. Self-actualisers, esteem seekers and strivers. Also aimed at drifters as it has articles about a variety of themes.
Identifying the audience:
- Age
- Gender
- Occupation
- Income
- Interests
- Class
- Religion
- Location
- Personality
- Existing or new audience
- Mass or niche audience
- values and ideology
Mass audience- a very large group of people of several millions. Theme is mainstream.
Niche audience- a smaller and more specific group of people of usually under a million. Theme is unknown by many people.
Psychographics: Created by Young and Rubicam (4c's)
Lifestyle categories:
Social value groups-
Target audience of Q magazine: ABC1 class women and men between the ages of 20 and 40 with a a medium to high income. White, straight people living in urban locations with an interest in pop music. Aimed at aspirers, mainstreamers and succeeders. Aimed at strivers and self actualisers.
13/11/2019
13/11/2019
Genre and Target Audience
Learning Objective: To identify target audiences for a variety of music magazine genres and link to genre codes.
ROCK GENRE: The dark, dull colour scheme made up of black, grey, white and blue with bright red and yellow highlights standing out connotes the rock culture which like the red and yellow, stands out. The strong all-caps, sans-serif masthead connotes that the magazine is aimed at a mainly male audience. The main image also connotes a mainly male audience as it is of the 'Arctic Monkeys' which is an all male band. As most of the bands and artists on the cover are old, we can connote that the magazine is aimed at an audience of over 35 who have an interest in retro rock bands. From looking at the pull quote "now we can do anything" we can infer that the magazine is aimed towards the innovators and utopians of society.
POP GENRE: The colour palette is made up of both warm and cool colours which contrast each other connote the fresh and upbeat nature of pop culture which will appeal to a younger target audience. The lowercase, sans-serif font of the masthead connotes the modernity of the magazine and informs the audience that the articles inside will be up to date and current. The headline of the magazine however is in a serif font which connotes that the magazine is professional and a trustworthy source of information. The artist in the main image 'Justin Bieber' has been highly stylised and modled to meet the needs of the materialistic mainstreamers and aspirers that make up the target audience. The lexis of the cover is informal yet sophisticated which connoted that the magazine is aimed at both ABC1 and C2DE audiences.
HIP HOP AND RAP GENRE: The informal lexis of the cover connoted that the magazine is aimed at a C2DE audience of men. The sans-serif font of the masthead and main cover line connote that the magazine is for a modern young audience. The uncluttered appearance of the cover connotes that the articles inside are simple and up to date.
15/11/2019
The Magazine Industry
Learning Objective: To explore the magazine industry ownership, regulation and revenue.Conglomerate: A media conglomerate is a company that owns numerous smaller companies that work to together to achieve a higher profit.
Globalised: The worldwide integration of media through the cross-cultural exchange of ideas, while technological globalisation refers to the cross-cultural development and exchange of technology. A company that reaches worldwide.
Diversify: The process of a company or business expanding their market or audience by either producing a wider variety of products, expanding their reach etc. However for media companies, diversification may involve expanding themselves to different areas of the industry. Expands target audience and media products.
Regulation: A Media regulation are guidelines enforced by the jurisdiction of law. Guidelines for media use differ across the world.
Revenue: Revenue generation is complete amount of money that is generated during a specific time period. The money is used to calculate business profits. How much money the company makes.
Circulation: The number of copies which is distributed of a particular print medium like newspaper or magazine. This is one of the parameters on which a marketer decides to go for advertising in these newspapers, magazines etc.
Who publishes...
Whats on TV: TI Media
Radio Times: BBC Magazines
TV Choice: H. Bauer Publishing
Take a Break: H. Bauer Publishing
Good Housekeeping: Hearst Corporation
Cosmopolitan: Hearst Corporation
BBC Gardeners' World: Immediate Media Company
Bauer Media Group:
How many magazines does Bauer own?- 600 magazines.
What uk music magazines does it publish?- MOJO and Q.
How have they diversified the MOJO brand?- Bauer has diversifies the MOJO brand by creating a website called Mojo4music.com which widens the target audience to internet users in order to reduce the risk of only operating in one media form.. Every issue of MOJO also includes a CD.
What other types of media does Bauer own?- Radio and digital radio stations, 4 TV channels, magazines. They own print shops, postal and distributional services and marketing as part of their conglomerate. The company itself has diversified, which may protect the company from a declining magazine audience.
Which companies regulate magazines?- IPSO and IMPRESS. Bauer is regulated by IPSO.
Magazines receive REVENUE from...
- Circulation (cover price of MOJO is £5.25)
- Advertising (IN MOJO, mostly live or recorded music, with some fashion advertising, some mass advertising- eg. Specsavers- and some promo for other Bauer brands such as Empire magazine.)
- Sponsored content and product placement, for example, 'MOJO listens to all music on Roksan equipment'
- Events- eg. Vogue runs fashion events and GQ runs comedy events.
Bauer media is a diversified global media conglomerate because it does not just rely on one type of media to create revenue. It owns a variety of different media companies including radio stations, magazines and TV channels in many different companies around the world.
20/11/2019
MOJO Magazine
Learning Objective: To explore and define the magazine's target audience.Brand Image: Their award- winning editorial team prides itself in delivering a magazine that is 'packed with insight, passion and revelatory encounters with the greatest musicians of all-time'. They focus on both established or emerging artists (quality artists). Every month, MOJO brings a definitive cover feature on an iconic act; a bespoke CD (compiled by editorial team or a major musician in the MOJO world); a famous reviews section. MOJO is 'the worlds largest UK music magazine' which delivers world class journalism and iconic photography. Audience of 'extremely passionate' music consumers. MOJO is 'the music expert'. It is a carefully crafted musical archive covering the best of music from across genres, from classic and modern rock, folk, country, reggae, electronic and experimental. Celebrates quality over popularity- music that will stand the test of time.
MOJO has (in 2016-17) fairly small circulation of about 68000 and a readership of about 138000. It has a more niche audience than those for take a break or cosmopolitan which have readerships of over 1 million.
Demographics:
- 76% male
- Mean age: 43
- ABC1: 49%
Psychographics:
Passionate and discerning
- Loves the good things in life
- A professional with a high disposable income
- Indie music in teen years
- Punk (The Smiths)
- Twenties- timeless, enduring rock bands (The Beatles, Dylan, Bowie, Pink Floyd...)
- Seeks out the best of modern pop and bands such as the Arctic Monkeys
- Worldly-wise, well-read
- Thrilled when he hears new folk music or the latest african outpouring
- 53% of MOJO readers listen to music on vinyl
- 80% of MOJO readers frequently listen to CDs
- 48% of MOJO readers use streaming services as a main source of music (values music highly as he is willing to pay to stream it)
- Large range of interest in different music genres
- Like gigs and live music (91% of MOJO readers have been to a live music gig in the last year)
- Likes festivals such as Latitude and Green Mad that show a range of high quality music (old and new)
- Likes to be the one to discover 'new' music first and recommend it to his friends.
- Explorer and Succeeder (Y&R)
- Striver and Experiencer (VALs)
- Fan of classic rock
27/11/2019
MOJO: Uses and Gratifications
Learning Objective: To identify what audiences get out of music magazines.Personal Identity:
- Fandom- reinforces the readers sense of being a fan of a particular genre or artist.
- MOJO magazine addresses educated lovers of 'authentic' music and so might serve to reinforce that identity
- Offers aspirational role models- music stars with whom their readers may identify.
- MOJO magazine features a legendary musician on the cover every month.
- MOJO magazine values popular music in the seriousness with which it is discussed and celebrated the 'classic rock' values of authenticity and passion.
Social Interaction:
- Music magazines offer news and gossip that might form the basis of real-life conversations.
- For example, MOJO mag has a regular 'mind blowers' section that offers
- Music magazines usually follow a familiar format and offer regular features and section
- Music magazines offer a range of entertainment pleasures, such as comedy, gossip, CDs and other free gifts, striking visuals, and attractive stars.
- MOJO magazines offer escape from everyday life into the affairs of bands and artists.
Surveillance:
- MM offer a sense of being in contact with the world, giving info about the world of popular music. This is the main function of MMs.
- MOJO offers:
- 'What goes on'- short articles about music news and current affair including possibly unfamiliar material such as 'rising artists and 'mind blowers'.
- 'Regulars" include 'Real gone' - obituaries- and ask Fred which answers readers questions
- 'Filter' includes review of recorded music, books, TV and Film.
27/11/2019
Cover Analysis
Learning Objective: To analyse the cover of a magazine, linking it to genre and audience.
- 'Babyboomer' Generation: A person born in the years (1946-1964) following the Second World War, when there was a temporary marked increase in the birth rate.
- Diversification: Diversification is the process of a company or business expanding their market or audience by either producing a wider variety of products, expanding their reach etc. However for media companies, diversification may involve expanding themselves to different areas of the industry.
- Audience Address: How the text speaks to the audience, and involves them. It also refers to how a text influences the audience.
- Discerning: Having or showing good judgement.
- House Style: A company's preferred manner of presentation and layout of written material.
- Shot type (main image)- Mid shot
- Star Vehicle: Dave Grohl
- Colour Palette: Blue, black, yellow and red.
- Bands/artists mentioned: Dave Grohl, Ian Dury, Nirvana, Elvis, cat Stevens, Lou Reed, David Gilmour.
- Masthead style: All caps sans serif
- Main Cover line style: All caps sans serif, western style- american artist.
- Minor cover line stye: All caps sans serif- western style.
- Puff: 159 reviews.
- USP (Unique Selling Point): Free CD (80% of MOJO listeners frequently use CDs).
- Placement of text: Cluttered and Bold.
DIRT TARGET- MOJO COVER ANALYSIS - WWW: a detailed analysis linking the conventions to genre and content; good terminology DIRT: add in the audience appeal to the specific MOJO target audience e.g. Someone who is interested in established, quality music etc.
11/12/2019
Representation
Learning Objective: To explore the concept of representation in music magazines.
STEREOTYPES OF:
Teenagers: Moody, lazy, troublemakers, rude.
Men: Lazy, arrogant, stubborn, angry, strong, controlling.
Americans: Fake, loud, guns, fast-food.
Lesbians: short hair, appear strong.
The serious expression on his face connotes the target audience of the magazine who are serious about music. The handwritten style of the main cover line infers shat Ed Sheeran writes his own songs and the guitar on his lap connotes that he plays his own music which makes him stand out from the rest of the artists in the pop genre.13/12/2019
Exam Prep
Learning Objective: To explore the possible exam tasks for music magazines.
1hr 15mins
Section A: Music- 35 marks, 5 questions, 3 areas: magazines, music videos and radio.
Q1- 1 mark- identify.
Q2 and Q3- 4 or 5 mark- explain/analyse (4 mark- radio, 5 mark- music mags).
Q4- 10 mark analyse (music vids).
Q5- 15 mark- analyse/evaluate.
Q1 Example- Who regulates magazines and newspapers in the UK?
Q2/ Q3 Example- Look at ONE cover: Analyse stereotypes on extract 1. analyse the representations of (genre/ artist/ audience) in cover. Question normally about representation.
Q5 Example- Looking at BOTH covers: Analyse the use of media language (10 marks)- normally links to audience or genre. make a judgement and come to a conclusion about the difference- compare and contrast- (5 marks).
 |
| Extract 1 |
Analyse the stereotypes in the representations in extract 1, the front cover of a MOJO magazine. (5 marks)- The heavy black eye make-up that Madonna is wearing holds strong connotations to the punk genre in which she has been described coming from in her cover line. Her name, Madonna, connoting the Virgin Mary, although the act of her licking the cross goes against the conventions of religion and could be seen as an act of defiance and sexualisation. In the cover, femininity has been represented as a counter-stereotype. Madonna has short hair and is wearing clothes which cover her up, going against the standard feminine stereotype. The font of the main cover line is in an old- fashioned serif font which links to the cross.
- Punk- rebellion, facial expression, anti-religious, font style.
- Women- counter stereotype of pop princess, sexuality, rebellion and clothing.
- Rock/pop idols- Vocabulary: immortalised and majesty.
Music Videos
Types of Music Videos
Learning Objective: To explore the purpose of music videos and how they are presented.Performance: a music video style that focuses on the performance of the artist.
Narrative: a music video that tells a story.
Concept: a music video that focuses on artistic elements and visual style to explore a concept or idea.
Music videos aim to:
- Promote both album and single sales.
- Promote new artists to an audience and maintain an audience focus on an existing audience.
- Promote an image of an artist or band that is exciting and dynamic.
- Entertain the audience and encourage re-plays of the video.
- Create visual images that convey the meaning and story of the song.
Components of performance music videos:
- Footage of artists performing, singing or playing instruments. the mode of address may be direct so the audience feel the artist is performing to them specifically. For example, One Direction's 'You and I'.
- Clips from concert footage which often shows the crowd and makes the viewer feel like part of the concert audience. For example, Justin Timberlake's 'Take Back he Night'.
- Artists and bands may perform songs in unusual places, such as cliff tops or on tropical beaches. Justin Bieber's 'I'll Show You' is a good example of this type of video.
- Footage of the band or artist in informal situations the illustrate their job, such as casually singing on a tour bus or in their rehearsal room. for example, The Vamps video 'Wild Heart'.
- Unless the single or album that is being promoted is a live recording, all the video vocal performances will be lip-synched.
- Tells the story of the song lyrics through technical codes and how the video is edited. A good example of this is the Olly Murs' video of 'Dear Darlin'.
- Use actors to tell the story of the song, although sometimes the narrative will cut between actors playing roles and the music artist performing. This is what happens in the Carly Rae Jepsen video 'I Really Like you'.
- A music video can take the form of a short film to communicate the meaning of the song using the same narrative techniques as a feature film. Taylor Swift's 'Blank Space' or Kayne West's 'Runaway' are good examples of this.
Analysis of 'Apeshit'-
Style: performance (dancing, lip-syncing to camera), artistic (replicating art work).
Camera angles : wide/long shot, mid shot, close up, low angle looking up to symbolise their wealth and power to show the audience they are dominant.
Mise en scene: art (video set in a museum/art gallery, opulent setting), bright primary coloured lighting, people choreographed to look like the figures in the paintings.
Analysis of 'This is America'-
Style: performance, narrative and artistic elements but the story is abstract.
Camera angles: whole video shot in one continuous long shot that follows the singer around the set.
Mise en scene: african american cast showing the brutal reality of what america is like in their eyes through dancing and singing, perhaps trying to send a message to audience about what America is really like.
Using narrative effectively: A narrative-based video can be more meaningful than a performance-based video. It can also be easier to film and edit. To make a video interesting for 3-5 minutes, it needs to be extremely varied, achieved through careful choreography, filming techniques and editing. The stage/set environment needs to be well designed and lighting needs to be effective to ensure the audience stays engaged throughout the whole video.
15/01/2020
Music Video Theory
Learning Objective: To explore music video theory in more detail.
Andrew Goodwin writing in his book 'Dancing in the Distraction Factory' (Routledge, 1992) explained these characteristics of music videos:
- Music videos demonstrate genre characteristics.
- There is a relationship between lyrics and visuals as well as music and visuals.
- The demands of the record label will include the need for lots of close ups of the artist as well as motifs which the artist may develop and reoccur throughout their work.
- There is frequently reference the the notion of looking (screens within screens, telescopes etc.) and particularly voyeuristic treatment of the female body (male gaze).
- There is often intertextual reference to films, tv programmes and other music videos which can contribute to the postmodernism of music videos.
Intertextuality: John Stuart describes the music videos as "incorporating, raiding and reconstructing" which is essentially the essence of intertextuality. Using something with which the audience may be familiar to generate both potentially nostalgic associations and new meanings. Intertextuality is perhaps more evident in music videos that any other media forms, with the exception of advertising.
22/01/2020
Media Language
Learning Objective: To understand the different types of music videos and their conventions.Types of media language:
- Mise-en-scene
- Editing
- Camera
- Sound
The main types of music video are: Performance, narrative and conceptual/artistic.
Uptown funk-
- Bright, saturated, vibrant colours connoting hip hop lifestyle and light- hearted fun.
- Low angle long shots and wide shots shows the video is performance as being performed to camera.
- Use of editing emphasises moments in the music, including use of very rapid editing, slow motion, ‘jump cut dancing’, and digital rotation, drawing attention to its artificiality.
- Real American urban locations connote a sense of naturalism.
If i were a boy-
- Monochrome colour scheme to connote severity of tone.
24/01/2020
Mise-en-scene
Learning Objective: To revise what mise-en-scene is and how it is used effectively in music videos.
Explore: Understand what the 7 elements of mise-en-scene are.
Enhance: Explore how elements of mise-en-scene are used in music videos.
Excel: Analyse connotations of mise-en-scene in relation to representation.
Mise-en-scene: the arrangement of everything on the set/stage (scenery, props, etc.)
Target audience: Teenage girls. (Males due to women being sexualised).
Mise-en-scene: Crop tops- taking back power over their bodies. School location- at school, place common allowing audience to connect with them as the target audience is teenage girls who go to school.
Lighting-
- High key lighting- very minimal shadows, one main light used, low colour contrast surroundings, aims to get as much detail as possible on subjects face and light it up, minimalistic background, forgiving as works well in most instances, is east to set up and relatively cheap, saturated colour.
- Low key lighting- opposite to high key lighting, creates high contrasts, light tones very light and dark tones are very dark, creates mysterious, dark and intense moods, often used in drama or action films, has a high lighting ratio, lights and darks are very distinct, good for intense or interrogation scenes that require a certain mood to be effective.
How does the mise-en-scene promote Taylor Swift's image or status in her 'Look what you made me do' video?- The diamonds she is bathing in connotes her wealth and power and how she is successful despite her degrading media appearance. The $1 bill located next to her in the bath is a reference to the court case that she won, not for money but to raise awareness to her rapist, causing him to get a criminal record.
How does the mise-en-scene create meaning for the audience?
Point- Swift's pop superstar celebrity image is promoted in her music video through media language.
Evidence- (eg. costume, colour, lighting etc.)
Explain- This suggests...
Expand- What else can be said about the video that backs the point.
The different personalities shown in the video represent the different ways the Taylor Swift has been represented in the media. In the first scene, the low-key lighting of the graveyard connotes the severity of the video and how she does not want the media to degrade her image anymore; perceiving her as something she is not. The diamonds she is bathing in later on in the video connote her wealth, power and success despite the person she is shown to be.
05/02/2020
Uptown Funk: Mise-en-scene
Learning Objective: To analyse the mise-en-scene of 'Uptown Funk' and focus on the connotations and they create meaning for the audience.
Lighting and colour: High-key lighting shows upbeat mood, happiness.
Costume and props: 80s style, vibrant colours stand out from the urban environment. Wearing gold chains and jewellery to connote wealth.
Camera angles: Low angle shots show that the people singing are more important that those walking past.
Bruno Mars' uses a variety of different mise-en-scene techniques to create meaning for the audience in the 'Uptown Funk' music video. Throughout the video, high-key lighting is used to convey the upbeat mood of 80s funk music. The video creates an 80s vibe through the 80s style, vibrantly coloured blazers that stand out from the urban environment in which the video is set. The passers by in the video are wearing neutrally coloured clothes to make the singers stand out from them connoting their power. Bruno Mars is in the middle of the group, wearing the brightest blazer, showing he is the most important. They are all wearing gold chains to connote their wealth and power.
What camera shot is this?- It is a close up eye level shot. The singer might be singing about something personal and serious; this is also suggested by the low-key lighting.
07/02/2020
Camerawork and Cinematography styles
Leaning Objective: To analyse different types of camerawork and cinematography styles and how they are used to create meaning in music videos.
Shot: Mis, close-up, extreme close up, long shot, extreme long shot, establishing, POV.
Movement: Pan, tilt, tracking, zoom, handheld, focus.
Angle: High, low, dutch.
Cinematography styles:
Naturalistic: Most common style of camera work. Shots are either fixed or handheld (for realism) or having subtle slower movements.
Expressionistic: More uncommon and artistic/creative use of camera shots and movement. Often shows extreme angles and quick movements.
What camera shot is this?- eye level, close up.
Why is it used?- to get the artists whole face, showing emotion and adding meaning to what they are singing about. Low-key lighting is also used to create a dark, intense mood for the audience; this infers the artist is talking about something serious and personal.
12/02/2020
Camera and Sound
Learning Objective: To explore how camera and sound are used to create meaning in music videos.
The camera movement in Uptown Funk is expressionistic as it uses extreme angles, quick movements and fast transitions throughout. For example, at one point in the chorus, a shot of the camera spinning is used, this relates the video to older 80's music video style where similar effects where used. The camerawork fits the tone of the song as it is fun and creative.
Sound is divided into two categories:
Diegetic: Sound which has a source on-screen. They are noises which have not been edited in, for example dialogue between characters or footsteps.
Non-diegetic: Sound is a noise which does not have a source on-screen and has been added in. For example music, voiceover, sound effects.
Radio 1 Live Lounge
28/02/2020
The Radio Industry
Learning Objective: To research the radio industry and BBC Radio 1.Public Service Broadcasting: In the United Kingdom, the term "public service broadcasting" refers to broadcasting intended for public benefit rather than to purely serve commercial interests. The communications regulator Ofcom requires certain television and radio broadcasters to fulfil certain requirements as part of their license to broadcast. all of the BBC's television and radio stations have a public service remit, including those that broadcast digitally. The public service broadcasters are those you can get for free on TV without a box or cable and include Channel 4, Channel 5 and the BBC. While all BBC public service channels are PBS channels, only the main channels of each of the other public service broadcasters have this status.
1- How many national radio stations do the BBC operate?- The BBC operates ten national domestic stations, only six of which are available in a digital format. BBC Radio 1- (15-29) charts music; BBC Radio 2- (35+); BBC Radio 3- (65+, 94% ABC1); BBC Radio 4- (50+); BBC Radio 5 Live- (adult); BBC Asian Network- (asian-british audience); BBC Radio1Xtra- (15-29); BBC Radio 4 Extra- (50+); BBC Radio 5 Sport- (adult).
2- How many regional stations operate and how are they funded?- There are 60 and they are funded by annual television licenses by households and companies.
3- Commercial Radio Stations- Heart London (25-44 age), Virgin Radio, Kiss, Magic, Absolute radio.
4- How can you listen to BBC Radio?- Online, digital radio, smart speakers.
BBC Radio 1: The Radio 1 audience is addressed by presenters that are close to the age of their main listener demographic of 15-29 (though Radio 1 presenters themselves will always tend to be aged towards the upper end of the target age or slightly older). Targeting a young audience, the language of the presenters is energetic and and often informal, everyday language that may include slang and intertextual references to pop-culture.
04/03/2020
Live Lounge
Learning Objective: To explore how Radio 1 meets it's PSB remit and the needs of its target audience.BBC Radio 1 Remit (BBC trust April 2016): The remit of Radio 1 is to entertain and engage a broad range of young listeners with a distinctive mix of contemporary music and speech. It's target audience is 15-29 year olds, but it should also provide some programming for younger teenagers. It should offer a range of new music, support emerging artists- especially those from the UK- and provide a platform for live music. News, documentaries and advice campaigns should also cover areas relevant to a young audience. Radio 1 has a service budget of £37.4 million in 2016/17.
11/03/2020
Convergence and Regulation
Learning Objective: To explore what convergence is and how the BBC is regulated.
Media convergence is a term that can refer to the merging of previously distinct media technologies and media form due to digitalisation and computer networking. It means the audience are offered a choice in how and when they consume the content. For example, Live Lounge is both available live on radio, on catch-up radio and BBC iPlayer.
Live Lounge can be accessed via the commercial platform of Vevo. This provides additional profit for the BBC through charges Vevo pay to be able to stream Live Lounge. It also benefits the audience as they have more range of ways they can stream the show. It also benefits the Vevo as it causes more viewers to use the platform.
Ofcom: The radio industry is regulated by Ofcom, who also regulate TV. Ofcom's duty is to examine complaints made against radio stations, to determine if the broadcasting code has been breached. Ofcom exists to ensure the broadcasting code is being upheld and that listeners are protected from harmful or offensive material, unfair treatment and the loss of privacy.
Media plurality: The state of having a plurality of voices, opinions and analyses on media system or the coexistence of different and diverse types of medias and media support.
Ofcom's Role:
-Ensuring the optimal use of the electro-magnetic spectrum.
-Ensuring that a wide range of electromagnetic communication services, including high speed data services are available throughout the UK.
-Ensuring a wide range of TV and radio services of high quality and appeal are available.
-Maintaining plurality in the provision of broadcasting.
-Applying adequate protection for audiences against offensive or harmful material.
-Applying adequate protection for audiences against unfairness or the infringement of privacy.
TASK: Prepare a bid to start a Live Lounge style programme for Pirate FM, broadcasting local and national radio.
The show would be for 15-29 year olds, both male and female and include a range of music and artists. Every day the show would showcase a different music genre (Pop Mondays, Rock Tuesdays, Rap Wednesdays...). The show would be broadcast at 4:30 pm as this is the time that people would be travelling home from work and school. The show would be available on live Pirate FM and a BBC iPlayer style app which would allow the audience to download episodes onto their phones to listen and watch on demand. There would be two presenters, one male and one female, of two different ages to engage a wide range of people to listen to the programme. The programme would begin by introducing the artist through an interview conversation before listening to a live performance. The show would finish with questions from listeners who call into the show.
Logo:
The sea connotes Cornwall and the record connotes music. The title is in a sans serif font which shows the radio programme to be light-hearted and fun. This would appeal to the target audience of 15-29 year olds as it is not too serious. The circle shape links to the new artists that the show would be showcasing and the range of genres on the show.
18/03/2020
Structure and Audience Appeal
Learning Objective: To analyse the structure of live lounge and how it appeals to the audience.
Clara Amfo:
Background- Amfo was born in Kingston upon Thames, Greater London. She is 35 years old. She was a presented for Nickelodeon and CBBC,
Previous presenting jobs- Uni radio, interning at Kiss FM presented overnight show and drive time show which has 1 million listeners, then working at a previous radio station. in 2015 she became The Official Chart host on radio 1 (crossing over from 1Xtra and now presents live Lounge on both radio 1 and 1Xtra.
Awards- Sony Radio Award nomination for 'Rising Star' in 2012.
Current jobs- Contributing editor to Elle magazine, BAFTA TV Awards presenting team.
DJ Ace:
From south east London. He is a television and radio presenter. Ave and Vis won a gold Sony Radio Academy Award for their lunchtime show on 1Xtra in 2004. he presented the 1Xtra drive time slot and weekend slot before leaving 1Xtra in 2012.
The Love Lounge is also the name of a room in the radio studios where many of the performances are broadcast from. live lounge performances are also broadcast from the larger BBC Maida Vale studios in London. Artists are filmed in an intimate radio studio, acoustically, often with little rehearsal. they normally perform one or two of their own songs and then a cover from an artist who has had a release in the last 6 to 9 months and has a contrasting style to their own. the audio is hen broadcast on their radio platforms and the 'visualisation' online. this allows radio 1 and 1Xtra t cross media platforms.
Why is Live Lounge different to other radio shows? - Each programme follows the same format. It is an audio visual programme which has a visualisation of the programme released on BBC iPlayer. It is aired on both Radio 1 and 1Xtra which allows it to be available to the maximum amount of listeners. It causes artists to sing covers contrasting to their own genres.
The website for live lounge includes direct links to both Radio 1 and 1Xtra to allow users easy migration to the main radio stations associated with Live Lounge, videos, photographic galleries and a summary of the Live Lounge Month. There is now an annual BBC Radio 1 Live Lounge compilation that is released by Sony CMG. Volume 1 was initially released in October 2006 and is available as a CD and digital download. the BBC says that audiences still engage with the Live Lounge on social media platforms, YouTube and Facebook. The platforms use convergence to repost and share information.
25/03/2020
Live Lounge Episode Analysis
Learning Objective: To analyse a specific episode of Radio 1 Live Lounge.
Mahalia:
- Age: 21 years old (born: 1st May 1998)
- Background: Born in Syston, Leistershire. her father is british-irish and her mother is jamacan. She is a British singer, songwriter and actress. She has released a couple of EPs and an album, Diary Of Me (2016). She acted in the film Brotherhood (2016). She wrote her first song at age eight and signed a deal with a major record label at age thirteen.
- Genre: Contemporary R&B, neo soul, hip hop soul.
- Current songs/ albumbs: Love and Compromise, albumb (2019), What You Did, song (2019), Simmer (2019).
- Awards: Nominated for a BRIT award in 2018.
Episode date: 12th September 2019
Cover Song info (artist, song and features): Lewis Capaldi (hold me while you wait). Mahalia is a big fan of Capaldi and they met when they were both nominated for a BRIT Britons' choice award in 2018. Pop genre contrasts her usual R&B style.
Guest name and info: Mahalia- 21 year old british singer-songwriter.
Original song details (song and features): Simmer (2019) R&B soul genre. Track features Nigerian singer-songwriter Burna boy.
Examples of how the show ("informs, educates and entertains"): Interview gives the audience insight into how the artist wrote and produced Simmer and the beadie man sample.. Interview about how she slowed down hold me while you wait.
Key ways the show targets it's audience: informal language, cover is a song that appeals to the target audience.
Examples of the show being challenging, original, innovative and nurturing UK talent: Mahalia is a UK artist. First time that Mahalia has been on radio 1 live lounge although she has done a 1Xtra live lounge before.
Quotes from the show to remember: "mate its so so so good to be here".
Explain how and why producers of radio programmes target different audiences. Refer to the Radio 1 Live Lounge to support your answer. [10 marks].
Radio stations broadcast a broad range of different programmes to ensure that they can appeal to the largest range of peopkle possibe. Radio and TV regulators Ofcom ensure that a wide range of radio services of high quality and appeal are available. BBc 1's remit states that it should offer a range of new music, support emerging artists- especially those from the UK- and provide a platform for live music. Radio 1 Live Lounge meets this remit by providing a audio visual radio programme that is avalible both live on radio and on BBC iPlayer. An example of a Live Lounge episode which supports and promotes a UK artist is the 12th Septemer 2019 episode.The guest for this episode was Mahalia. The target audience age range for radio 1 is 15 to 29 and this is mirrored by the informal language used in the episode when she is introduced by Clara amfo and responds "mate its so so so good to be here". The music in the episode is multi-genre. Mahalia's original song that she performs in the episode is her 2019 R&B soul track 'Simmer'. She also has a long interview with the host about the production and writing of the song informing and educatiung the audience in line with Radio 1's remit. The cover that Mahalia performs is Lewis Capaldi's "Hold me While You Wait". It is a pop song which premotes the artist to her fans showing that her talent expands past R&B.
27/03/2020
Radio stations broadcast a broad range of different programmes to ensure that they can appeal to the largest range of peopkle possibe. Radio and TV regulators Ofcom ensure that a wide range of radio services of high quality and appeal are available. BBc 1's remit states that it should offer a range of new music, support emerging artists- especially those from the UK- and provide a platform for live music. Radio 1 Live Lounge meets this remit by providing a audio visual radio programme that is avalible both live on radio and on BBC iPlayer. An example of a Live Lounge episode which supports and promotes a UK artist is the 12th Septemer 2019 episode.The guest for this episode was Mahalia. The target audience age range for radio 1 is 15 to 29 and this is mirrored by the informal language used in the episode when she is introduced by Clara amfo and responds "mate its so so so good to be here". The music in the episode is multi-genre. Mahalia's original song that she performs in the episode is her 2019 R&B soul track 'Simmer'. She also has a long interview with the host about the production and writing of the song informing and educatiung the audience in line with Radio 1's remit. The cover that Mahalia performs is Lewis Capaldi's "Hold me While You Wait". It is a pop song which premotes the artist to her fans showing that her talent expands past R&B.
27/03/2020
Radio and Audience Theory
Uses and Gratifications Theory:
Uses and Gratifications theory as developed by Blulmer and Katz suggests that media users play an active role in choosing and using the media. Blulmer and Katz believed that the user seeks out the media source that best fulfils their needs.
The uses and gratifications theory assumes the audience chooses what it wants to watch for five different reasons.
Information and Education – the viewer wants to acquire information, knowledge and understanding by watching programmes like The News or Documentaries.
Entertainment – Viewers watch programmes for enjoyment.
Personal Identity - Viewers can recognise a person or product, role models that reflect similar values to themselves and mimic or copy some of their characteristics.
Integration and social interaction – the ability for media products to produce a topic of conversation between people. For example who is the best contestant on The X-factor who which was the best goal shown on Match of the day.
Escapism – Computer games and action films let viewers escape their real lives and imagine themselves in those situations
Explain some reasons why might people listen to the radio. Refer to the Uses and Gratifications theory in your answer. [8 marks]. One reason that a person may listen to the radio according to the Blulmer and Katz uses and gratification theory is entertainment. As a person may listen to the radio for enjoyment and to rlax. Another reason why a person may listen to the radio is to gain information and knowledge by listning to programmes such as the news or factual documentaries which educate the listner, causing them to gin a better understanding of the world. A person may listen to a particular radio programme about their interests to reinforce their sense of personal identity by associating themselves with particular radio presenters and stations.
Explain some of the threats facing the radio industry and how the industry is responding to these threats. One threat to the radio industry is digitilisation through mobile phones and computers. the rado industry has responded to this threat by creating online programmes for listners to listen to radio programes, such as the BBC sounds app. Many radio programmes and stations are also avalible on smart speakers.
Richard Dyer's utopian solutions:
Dyer's Utopian theory involves the idea that audiences consume media texts and products with a clear set of pleasures to draw from the experiences. Dyer suggests that audiences turn to media texts to make up for the deficiencies that they inherit in their lives, and to fuel their obsessions of keeping up with society. This can be linked to the Uses and Gratifications theory as it involves the idea that audiences choose to consume media texts to gratify their own pleasures. This clearly suggests that audiences wish to escape reality through the consumption of media texts and products where the media world represents an ideal world.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs:
What does Apple Beats Radio offer it's audience? Beats 1, often branded as beats1, is a 24/7 music radio station owned and operated by Apple.inc It is accessible through the Apple music app on a computer, and Apple music on a smartphone or tablet. The station airs a mix of pop, rap and indie music. Prime-time presenters include Zane Lowe, Ebro darden, Juile Agenduga and Matt Wilkinson.
Explain some of the threats facing the radio industry and how the industry is responding to these threats. One threat to the radio industry is digitilisation through mobile phones and computers. the rado industry has responded to this threat by creating online programmes for listners to listen to radio programes, such as the BBC sounds app. Many radio programmes and stations are also avalible on smart speakers.
Richard Dyer's utopian solutions:
Dyer's Utopian theory involves the idea that audiences consume media texts and products with a clear set of pleasures to draw from the experiences. Dyer suggests that audiences turn to media texts to make up for the deficiencies that they inherit in their lives, and to fuel their obsessions of keeping up with society. This can be linked to the Uses and Gratifications theory as it involves the idea that audiences choose to consume media texts to gratify their own pleasures. This clearly suggests that audiences wish to escape reality through the consumption of media texts and products where the media world represents an ideal world.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs:
What does Apple Beats Radio offer it's audience? Beats 1, often branded as beats1, is a 24/7 music radio station owned and operated by Apple.inc It is accessible through the Apple music app on a computer, and Apple music on a smartphone or tablet. The station airs a mix of pop, rap and indie music. Prime-time presenters include Zane Lowe, Ebro darden, Juile Agenduga and Matt Wilkinson.
Do you think radio will still exist in 10 years time? Explain why. I think that radio will still exist in 10 years timebut not on a much smaller scale than it is today due to streaming services making it much easier to access music.
GENRE RESEARCH: good, detailed notes
ReplyDeleteGENRE & AUDIENCE: excellent analysis of genre and audience appeal
MAGAZINE INDUSTRY & MOJO RESEARCH: detailed
MOJO AUDIENCE INFOGRAPHIC - great start but not finished
MOJO COVER ANALYSIS - WWW: a detailed analysis linking the conventions to genre and content; good terminology DIRT: add in the audience appeal to the specific MOJO target audience e.g. Someone who is interested in established, quality music etc.
DIRT TASK: fantastic additions!
ReplyDeleteREPRESENTATION Q: Excellent response - detailed and accurate. Well done!